La sostenibilidad social del turismo un modelo multidimensional

Resumen

La investigación en torno a la sostenibilidaddel turismo normalmente se ha interesado por analizar susrepercusiones ambientales y económicas, quedando relegadasa un segundo plano, y a menudo obviadas, las dimensionessociales. Sin embargo, la expansión de la actividad turística yel aumento de su influencia en multitud de ámbitos obligan a redefinir los marcos conceptuales y las propuestas analíticas dirigidas a evaluar su desarrollo. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar las dimensiones de la sostenibilidad social del turismo, con el fin de avanzar en estrategias operativas destinadas a su medición. Con esa intención, y orientados por los conceptos clave presentes en la literatura especializada, se seleccionan 85 experiencias prácticas. Su revisión desemboca en la elaboración de cuatro dimensiones: «calidad de vida», «organización político-social y gobernanza», «identidad local» y «derechos y justicia social». Finalmente, la presentación y discusión crítica de este modelo cuestionan la viabilidad del enfoque sugerido, concluyendo con algunas ideas acerca del mejor modo de reorientar la perspectiva epistemológica.

Palabras clave:

turismo sostenible; impactos sociales del turismo; política turística; epistemología del turismo; sostenibilidad turística; desarrollo turístico

Citas

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